Abstract
We introduce a metasurface platform for nonreciprocal wave manipulation. We study metagratings composed of nonreciprocal bianisotropic particles supporting synthetic motion, which enable nonreciprocal energy transfer between tailored Floquet channels with unitary efficiency. Based on this framework, we derive the required electromagnetic polarizabilities to realize a metagrating supporting space wave circulation with unitary efficiency for free-space radiation and design a microwave metagrating supporting this functionality. The proposed concept opens new research venues to control free-space radiation with high efficiency beyond the limits dictated by Lorentz reciprocity.
Highlights
Metasurfaces, as an important class of artificial materials, are two-dimensional arrays of artificially engineered subwavelength scatterers that provide a versatile platform to engineer the flow of electromagnetic waves, with promising applications from microwaves to optics [1,2,3,4,5,6]
We introduce nonreciprocal metagratings based on media in synthetic motion, which overcome the abovementioned challenges
An electric dipole in the form of a wire strip has been located underneath the ring that, in conjunction with the directional rotating magnetic dipole, provides the bianisotropic moving coupling. Based on this inclusion design, we simulate a nonreciprocal metagrating that is capable of ideally circulating space waves between three Floquet channels located 45 degrees apart
Summary
2 j emof small inclusions, mm i.e., j eemm= ω2 −ω2 − jωδ , αem = ω2 −ω2 −jωδ , and αmm =. Where ee em , and A mm are the amplitude coefficients and δee , δem , and δmm are the ω2mm −ω2 − jωδmm frequencies are the for all ee emare the. As all an polarizabilities example, here we mm same loss factors. Wesame assume thatpolarizabilities the resonance(i.e., frequencies (i.e., the metagrating to circulate the free space wave between three Floquet channels located 45 ωdesign ee = ωem = ωmm = ω0 ). Here we design the metagrating to circulate the free space degrees apartthree Amplitude coefficients be calculated by ee , A(see em , and wave between channels located. Amm polarizability can be calculated by substituting polarizability expressions in (4)that,
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