Abstract
5G mobile communications offer several benefits, which include providing extremely low latency, very high data rates, significant improvement in the number of users, and increase in base station capacity and perceived quality of service. This may be achieved at the cost of an increased receiver complexity by nonorthogonal access of users. Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is one of the capable contenders to achieve the vision of 5G wireless communications. Supporting a higher number of users than available orthogonal resources is the key feather of NOMA. In this article, the basic principle of NOMA has been reviewed and compared with other orthogonal multiple access (OMA). A comprehensive survey is presented in the latest NOMA scheme. The distinguished NOMA schemes design principle features, and recent deployments are discussed. Furthermore, the performance is compared in terms of the bit error rate, system capacity, and energy efficiency. The performance results show that NOMA can achieve the required goals, in terms of the user data rate, system capacity, interference cancellation scheme, and reception complexity.
Highlights
Multiple access schemes have been a landmark technology from 1G to 4G for the growth of mobile communications
sparse code multiple access (SCMA) allows a fixed number of resource blocks to each user while Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA) allows a changeable number of resource blocks to each user, since, in PDMA, the user data rate is different, which results in degradation of the system sum rate
Nonorthogonal awareness has been significantly useful in the modern developments in the 5G multiple access scheme
Summary
Multiple access schemes have been a landmark technology from 1G to 4G for the growth of mobile communications. It is very difficult for OMA to meet the data rate and other requirements of the next-generation mobile network. Movies can be transmitted due to improved speed of data communication. 3G presented an improved technology, i.e., High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and HSPA+ (3.5G), with which the user data experience was improved. With LTE and LTEAdvanced, communication technology has improved, at a level close to Wi-Fi with respect to user data experience. For wireless communication, improvement in the data capacity and the data transmission rate is essential. For the mobile Internet extension and modernization, researchers all over the world started investigating ways to improve data capacity and data transfer rates
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