Non-nutritive sweeteners in the food supply: changes after the first phase of the Chilean Food Law

Abstract

Abstract Background In June 2016, Chile implemented the Food Labeling and Advertising Law, which includes mandatory front-of-package warning labels in products with high content of sugars and other key nutrients. We evaluated whether the non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) use increased among foods/beverages 7-8 months after implementation of the law. Methods We obtained data from packaged foods/beverages available in 6 major supermarkets and 3 candy distributions in Santiago, Chile, in January 2015/16 (T0) and January 2017 (T1). We included products with market share ≥1% of their food groups, with added sugar, salt or fat (i.e. products subject to regulation) and/or with NNS from 7 food groups: beverages, breakfast cereals, candies, sweet spreads, desserts, yogurts, and milk-based drinks, in cross-sectional (T0: N = 1,809; T1: N = 1,478) and longitudinal (i.e. same product collected in both periods; N = 999) samples. We compared the frequencies applying Chi-square and McNemar tests. Results In the cross-sectional analysis, there was no significant change in the frequency of NNS use neither considering the overall sample or each food group. Across all groups, about 40% of products presented at least one NNS in both periods, with the highest prevalence among beverages (T0:77%; T1:80%, p = 0.314) and yogurts (T0:63%; T1:68%, p = 0.312). In the longitudinal sample, the frequency of NNS use increased from 38% in T0 to 44% in T1 (p < 0.001). Changes were observed in milk-based drinks (T0:50%; T1:67%, p = 0.008); beverages (T0:72%; T1:83%, p < 0.001); desserts (T0:14%; T1:23%, p < 0.001); and yogurts (T0:60%; T1:63%, p = 0.046). Conclusions Our results suggest increased NNS use in the longitudinal subsample after the implementation of the law; however, the overall frequency in the food supply remained the same, which could be explained either by changes in the food supply or sampling differences between the periods. Further analyses must explore the impact of these changes in NNS consumption. Key messages Regulations aimed to reduce food sugar content could impact the food NNS content. Monitoring the use of NNS in the food supply and its impact on NNS consumption is important in the current policy scenario.