Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain nanocrystalline mixed metal-oxide–ZrO2 catalysts via a sonochemically-induced preparation method. The effect of a stabiliser’s addition on the catalyst parameters was investigated by several characterisation methods including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and µRaman. The sonochemical preparation method allowed us to manufacture the catalysts with uniformly dispersed metal-oxide nanoparticles at the support surface. The catalytic activity was tested in a methane combustion reaction. The activity of the catalysts prepared by the sonochemical method was higher than that of the reference catalysts prepared by the incipient wetness method without ultrasonic irradiation. The cobalt and chromium mixed zirconia catalysts revealed their high activities, which are comparable with those presented in the literature.
Highlights
Nanostructured transition metal oxides, due to their specific magnetic, optical, and catalytic properties, have been under vigorous investigation over the years [1,2,3,4]
It is worth mentioning that the composition of the palladium catalyst (Pd/ZrO2) is close to those found in the literature [33] for palladium supported on alumina systems
The aim of this study was to obtain and characterise non-noble metal catalysts prepared via the sonochemical method
Summary
Nanostructured transition metal oxides, due to their specific magnetic, optical, and catalytic properties, have been under vigorous investigation over the years [1,2,3,4]. From a wide range of possible applications of nanoparticles, catalysis seems to be the most beneficial and exploited field. For many years of the application of nanoparticles, much effort has been directed towards the synthesis and characterisation of highly functionalised nanostructured materials that would conform to the size and structure requirements for catalytic processes. The development of preparation techniques such as chemical reduction, sputtering, chemical dealloying, microwave assisted synthesis, and deposition methods (Chemical Vapour Deposition, Physical Vapour Deposition), along with the possibility of preparing highly-defined catalyst nanoparticles, have been the subject of increased research in the field of catalysis [2]. The synthesis of well-defined catalytic structures with specific shapes and morphologic parameters has become a kind of scientific art, in which nanostructures can be created in the form of three-dimensional nano-flowers, two-dimensional nano-plates, and one-dimensional nano-rods or nano-belts [10]. There are various methods of nanoparticle preparation, but the sonochemically-assisted method has shown great potential for obtaining well-defined nanoparticles for catalytic purposes [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]
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