Non-malignant conjunctival epithelial masses with ocular surface squamous neoplasia-like optical coherence tomography features

Ágnes Füst,Jeannette Tóth,László Imre,Zoltán Zsolt Nagy

doi:10.1007/s10792-021-01743-y

Abstract

PurposeTo observe and describe the anterior segment optical coherence tomography features of limbally localised non-malignant epithelial mass lesionsMethodsThirteen patients (age: 66.9 ± 16.3 years) with conjunctival mass suggesting ocular surface squamous neoplasia with biomicroscopic examination were imaged using anterior segment ocular coherence tomography (anterior segment optical coherence tomography)/Cirrus HD-OCT, Model 4000, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, and Spectralis HRA + OCT system, Heidelberg Engineering, Vista, CA/. Cases with ocular surface squamous neoplasia-like anterior segment optical coherence tomography (hyperreflective, thickened epithelium and an abrupt transition from normal to abnormal) were included in the study. Maximal thickness of the epithelium was measured. Histological diagnosis was gained from an excisional or incisional biopsy or impression cytology specimens.ResultsIn six patients (age: 68.5 ± 15.4 years) with ocular surface squamous neoplasia-like anterior segment optical coherence tomography features, the histological diagnosis was other than ocular surface squamous neoplasia (papilloma, parakeratosis and a keratotic plaque with mild dysplasia), and ocular surface squamous neoplasia in seven cases (age: 65.6 ± 18.0 years). The maximal epithelial thickness was between 250 and 859 µm in non-ocular surface squamous neoplasia cases and between 252 and 596 µm in ocular surface squamous neoplasia cases.ConclusionNon-malignant epithelial lesions can mimic ocular surface squamous neoplasia on anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Highlights

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a device that uses low-coherence interferometry for generating detailed cross-sectional images in a noncontact way
In six patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia-like anterior segment optical coherence tomography features, the histological diagnosis was other than ocular surface squamous neoplasia, and ocular surface squamous neoplasia in seven cases
It had been first developed for examining the structure of the retina, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) soon became available

Summary

Introduction

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a device that uses low-coherence interferometry for generating detailed cross-sectional images in a noncontact way. It had been first developed for examining the structure of the retina, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) soon became available. The axial resolution of the commercially available high-resolution Fourier-domain OCT devices is 5–7lm; the mostly custom-built, ultrahighresolution OCT is capable of an axial resolution as high as 1–4lm. Both the high-resolution and the ultrahigh-resolution OCT devices are able to produce good-quality image of the layers of the cornea and conjunctiva. AS-OCT is used to image lesions like corneal dystrophies, inflammation, deposits in cornea, conjunctival degenerations including pterygium, pinguecula and ocular surface neoplasia. [1]

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