Non-Local Sensitivity Analysis and Numerical Homogenization in Optimal Design of Single-Wall Corrugated Board Packaging.

Damian Mrówczyński,Anna Knitter-Piątkowska,Tomasz Garbowski

doi:10.3390/ma15030720

Damian Mrówczyński, Anna Knitter-Piątkowska + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030720

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Abstract

The optimal selection of the composition of corrugated cardboard dedicated to specific packaging structures is not an easy task. The use of lighter boards saves material, but at the same time increases the risk of not meeting the guaranteed load capacity. Therefore, the answer to the question “in which layer the basis weight of the paper should be increased?” is not simple or obvious. The method proposed here makes it easy to understand which components and to what extent they affect the load-bearing capacity of packages of various dimensions. The use of numerical homogenization allows for a quick transformation of a cardboard sample, i.e., a representative volume element (RVE) into a flat plate structure with effective parameters describing the membrane and bending stiffness. On the other hand, the use of non-local sensitivity analysis makes it possible to find the relationship between the parameters of the paper and the load capacity of the packaging. The analytical procedures presented in our previous studies were used here to determine (1) the edge crush resistance, (2) critical load, and (3) the load capacity of corrugated cardboard packaging. The method proposed here allows for obtaining a comprehensive and hierarchical list of the parameters that play the most important role in the process of optimal packaging design.

Highlights

The growing ecological awareness and concern for the natural environment with the simultaneous, inevitable increase in the needs for the purchase, production, transport, and storage of diverse products, have forced the pursuit for environmentally friendly solutions, including easy to dispose of and, more importantly, recyclable packaging
Before proceeding to the sensitivity analysis, which is the main goal of this work, the purpose, inproceeding the first step, ansensitivity analysis of the ofand the number of finite elem
The change of Pcr resulted from changes of D11 and D22 are almost the same in the case of low boxes, while in the case of high boxes, the sensitivity of Pcr regarding D22 is several times lower than for D11. It is very important for lightweight material to be used in the production of various structures, including corrugated cardboard packaging

Summary

Introduction

The growing ecological awareness and concern for the natural environment with the simultaneous, inevitable increase in the needs for the purchase, production, transport, and storage of diverse products, have forced the pursuit for environmentally friendly solutions, including easy to dispose of and, more importantly, recyclable packaging. At this point, it should be emphasized that corrugated cardboard boxes fit perfectly into this trend. The issue of strength evaluation of corrugated cardboard products is the subject of continuous, extensive studies. Two characteristic in-plane directions of orthotropy indissolubly connect to the mechanical strength of the paperboard, namely the machine direction (MD), which is

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