Nonlocal effects in the shot noise of diffusive superconductor–normal-metal systems

Abstract

A cross-shaped diffusive system with two superconducting and two normal electrodes is considered. A voltage $\mathrm{eV}<\ensuremath{\Delta}$ is applied between the normal leads. Even in the absence of average current through the superconducting electrodes their presence increases the shot noise at the normal electrodes and doubles it in the case of a strong coupling to the superconductors. The nonequilibrium noise at the superconducting electrodes remains finite even in the case of a vanishingly small transport current due to the absence of energy transfer into the superconductors. This noise is suppressed by electron-electron scattering at sufficiently high voltages.