Abstract
Graphene has received significant attention due to its excellent mechanical properties, which has resulted in the emergence of graphene-based nano-electro-mechanical system such as nanoresonators. The nonlinear vibration of a graphene resonator and its application to mass sensing (based on nonlinear oscillation) have been poorly studied, although a graphene resonator is able to easily reach the nonlinear vibration. In this work, we have studied the nonlinear vibration of a graphene resonator driven by a geometric nonlinear effect due to an edge-clamped boundary condition using a continuum elastic model such as a plate model. We have shown that an in-plane tension can play a role in modulating the nonlinearity of a resonance for a graphene. It has been found that the detection sensitivity of a graphene resonator can be improved by using nonlinear vibration induced by an actuation force-driven geometric nonlinear effect. It is also shown that an in-plane tension can control the detection sensitivity of a graphene resonator that operates both harmonic and nonlinear oscillation regimes. Our study suggests the design principles of a graphene resonator as a mass sensor for developing a novel detection scheme using graphene-based nonlinear oscillators.
Highlights
Graphene has recently been attracting the scientific community due to its excellent electrical [1,2,3] and/or mechanical properties [4,5,6,7,8]; these remarkable properties have enabled the exploitation of graphene for the development of nano-electro-mechanical system (NEMS) such as nanoresonators [9,10]
To verify the robustness of a continuum elastic model described in the section ‘Theory and model,’ we have considered the vibration behavior of a graphene resonator with a size of 6 μm × 6 μm when a graphene is actuated by a force amplitude of p0 = 0.001 aN in order to induce the harmonic oscillation of a graphene resonator
In this work, we have studied the vibrational behaviors of graphene resonators as well as their sensing performance based on continuum elastic model such as plate model
Summary
Graphene has recently been attracting the scientific community due to its excellent electrical [1,2,3] and/or mechanical properties [4,5,6,7,8]; these remarkable properties have enabled the exploitation of graphene for the development of nano-electro-mechanical system (NEMS) such as nanoresonators [9,10]. The computational limitation of atomistic simulations in depicting the underpinning principles of experimentally observed mechanics of graphene resonators has led researchers [19,25,26,27] to consider a continuum elastic model, a plate model, for unveiling the vibrational characteristics of a graphene resonator. Our study sheds light on a continuum elastic model for gaining insight into the underlying mechanisms of nonlinear vibration-based enhancement of the dynamic frequencies and sensing performance of a graphene resonator, and the role of an in-plane tension in modulating the nonlinearity of a graphene resonator
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