Abstract
We present a systematic analysis of the stationary regimes of nonlinear parity-time (PT) symmetric laser composed of two coupled fiber cavities. We find that power-dependent nonlinear phase shifters broaden regions of existence of both PT-symmetric and PT-broken modes, and can facilitate transitions between modes of different types. We show the existence of non-stationary regimes and demonstrate an ambiguity of the transition process for some of the unstable states. We also identify the presence of higher-order stationary modes, which return to the initial state periodically after a certain number of round-trips.
Highlights
The concept of parity-time (PT) symmetry is extensively used in the design of diverse optical devices with balanced gain and loss, which provide new possibilities for effective signal manipulation
A realization of a PT symmetry-based mode-locking [22] was theoretically proposed and it was shown that a non-Hermitian phase transition can be observed in the frequency domain [23]
We systematically investigate the effect of power-dependent nonlinear phase shift and identify distinct phenomena compared to the previously analyzed linear phase shifters [25]
Summary
The concept of parity-time (PT) symmetry is extensively used in the design of diverse optical devices with balanced gain and loss, which provide new possibilities for effective signal manipulation. A single transverse mode operation in coupled microring lasers was demonstrated near the exceptional point [15], and enhanced sensitivity [16,17,18] was realized. A realization of a PT symmetry-based mode-locking [22] was theoretically proposed and it was shown that a non-Hermitian phase transition can be observed in the frequency domain [23]. It was predicted that PT-symmetric coupled fiber-loop lasers can exhibit bi-stable dynamics combined with a lower lasing power threshold [25]. We study the effect of nonlinear phase modulation on the dynamics of the PT-symmetric coupled fiber-loop laser and identify the transition dynamics between the PT-symmetric and broken phases
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