Abstract
Abstract In this study, the climatological stationary wave maintenance is examined from nonlinear perspective using the GFDL R30 GCM outputs, a fully nonlinear stationary wave model, and a linear stationary wave model. The primary focus of the study is on the nature of the stationary nonlinearity and relative contribution to the total nonlinearity by various factors, such as heating, orography, and the interaction between flows forced by heating and orography. It is found that both the nonlinear effect of the diabatic heating and the nonlinear interaction between flows forced by orography and diabatic heating are important contributors toward the total stationary nonlinearity in northern winter and summer. Some regional features, such as the anticyclone off the northwest coast of North America in winter and the southwestern U.S. summer anticyclone, are entirely due to the nonlinear interaction between flows forced by heating and orography. Consistent with the linear stationary wave maintenance, the diabat...
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