Abstract
One- and two-dimensional forms of carbon, carbon nanotube, and graphene, and related 2D materials, have attracted great attention of researchers in many fields for their interesting and useful electrical, optical, chemical, and mechanical properties. In this tutorial, we will introduce the basic physics and the linear optical properties of these 1D/2D materials. We then focus on their nonlinear optical properties, saturable absorption, electro-optic effect, and nonlinear Kerr effect. We will also review and discuss a few key applications using the ultrafast nonlinear phenomena possessed by these 1D/2D materials: (1) short-pulse fiber lasers using saturable absorption, (2) electro-optic modulators, and (3) all-optical signal processing devices.
Highlights
Nonlinear (NL) devices are crucial components in various systems as they enable the manipulation of physical quantities with control signals
NL optical devices used in the fiber-optic systems are either waveguide-based or fiber-based, such as the waveguide-based Lithium Niobate (LN) electro-optic waveguide modulators or switches and the fiber-based nonlinear loop mirrors (NOLM), which utilizes the nonlinear effects of the waveguide/fiber materials
We have reported a wideband wavelength conversion of the 10 Gb/s Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) signal using a CNTdeposited D-shaped fiber in a scheme based on nonlinear polarization rotation
Summary
Nonlinear (NL) devices are crucial components in various systems as they enable the manipulation of physical quantities with control signals. NL optical devices used in the fiber-optic systems are either waveguide-based or fiber-based, such as the waveguide-based LN electro-optic waveguide modulators or switches and the fiber-based nonlinear loop mirrors (NOLM), which utilizes the nonlinear effects of the waveguide/fiber materials.. NL optical devices used in the fiber-optic systems are either waveguide-based or fiber-based, such as the waveguide-based LN electro-optic waveguide modulators or switches and the fiber-based nonlinear loop mirrors (NOLM), which utilizes the nonlinear effects of the waveguide/fiber materials.4 The strong optical confinement (typically 100 nm) in silicon waveguides allows the integration of many optical devices, such as directional couplers, bandpass filters, electro-optic modulators, and optical switches, into a small (
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