Abstract
This work reports on a novel magnetorheological polymer gel with carbon nanotubes and carbonyl iron particles mixed into the physical cross-linked polymer gel matrix. The resulting composites show unusual nonlinear magneto-electro-mechanical responses. Because of the low matrix viscosity, effective conductive paths formed by the CNTs were mobile and high-performance sensing characteristics were observed. In particular, due to the transient and mutable physical cross-linked bonds in the polymer gel, the electromechanical behavior acted in a rate-dependent manner. External stimulus at a high rate significantly enhanced the electrical resistance response during mechanical deformation. Meanwhile, the rheological properties were regulated by the external magnetic field when magnetic particles were added. This dual enhancement mechanism further contributes to the active control of electromechanical performance. These polymer composites could be adopted as electromechanical sensitive sensors to measure impact and vibration under different frequencies. There is great potential for this magnetorheological polymer gel in the application of intelligent vibration controls.
Highlights
Magnetorheological (MR) gel is a kind of magneto-controllable soft gel that acts by dispersing the magnetic particles into a low cross-linking density gel matrix (Wang et al, 2014; Zhang et al, 2019)
It was found that with the application of the magnetic field, enhancement of mechanical behaviors, electrical sensitivity, and stability were shown by this material
Since the restriction of the matrix to the CNTs depended on the mechanical properties of shearing stiffening gel (SSG) (Zimmerman et al, 2009; de Vicente et al, 2011; Bastola et al, 2020), it was assumed that the sensitivity of the e-SSG was related to the strain rate of external stimulus and the elastic modulus of the specimen
Summary
Magnetorheological (MR) gel is a kind of magneto-controllable soft gel that acts by dispersing the magnetic particles into a low cross-linking density gel matrix (Wang et al, 2014; Zhang et al, 2019). It was found that with the application of the magnetic field, enhancement of mechanical behaviors, electrical sensitivity, and stability were shown by this material. The storage modulus of the SSG increased from 45 Pa to 0.53 MPa when the shear frequency increased from 0.1 to 100 Hz. At 20 Hz, the loss modulus achieved its peak value, 0.30 MPa. The damping factor, which is defined as the ratio of the loss modulus to the storage modulus, can usually be adopted to illustrate the state of the composite materials.
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