Abstract
Malachite Green (MG) adsorption by four different bio-adsorbents: Populus Nigra (PN), Pinus Strobus (PS), Fraxinus Excelsior (FE), and Phragmites Australis (PA) have been investigated. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were conducted to identify the bio-adsorbents' characterization and study their adsorptive properties. The impact of essential factors, such as adsorbent dosage, initial solution pH, initial MG concentration, and interaction of factors were studied on removal efficiency by face centered design (CCF) as a feature of response surface methodology (RSM). Nonlinear kinetic models including pseudo-first, and pseudo-second order, Elovich, film diffusion, and intra-particle diffusion were evaluated using error functions in order to find the best fitted model. Comparing the obtained results revealed that PA is more effective in decolorization and has an uptake of about 90% in the optimum operating condition. For further investigation, its ashes have been used for MG removal, and as a result, 99.3% dye uptake by PA ash was obtained.
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