Nonlinear electromagnetic propagation in ionosphere: Inclusion of electron temperature dependence of the collision parameter (δ)

Abstract

In this paper, the authors have taken into account the electron temperature dependence of δ, the fraction of excess energy of an electron over that of a neutral particle which is exchanged in an elastic collision. The dependence of electron temperature, electron collision frequency, and refractive index/absorption coefficient, corresponding to different frequencies, on the intensity of the wave (specifically square of the amplitude of electric vector) at heights of 90 km, 100 km, and 110 km in the ionosphere, has been evaluated. The results have been discussed and graphically illustrated. The derived dependence of n and k on Eo2 has been used to study the nonlinear horizontal propagation of electromagnetic waves at the heights of 90 km, 100 km, and 110 km in the ionosphere.