Abstract
A new varistor system of SnO 2 ·Ni 2 O 3 ·Nb 2 O 5 exhibits the relative dissatisfactory physical and electrical properties. The effect of cobalt oxide on the properties of the SnO 2 ·Ni 2 O 3 ·Nb 2 O 5 varistors was investigated by measuring the densities, permittivities, the current-voltage properties and the properties of the defect barriers. It is found that the sample doped with 0.25 mol% Co 2 O 3 exhibits the abnormal poorer electrical properties than the samples without Co 2 O 3 dopants. However, the sample doped with 6.0 mol% Co 2 O 3 exhibits the highest nonlinear coefficient ( $\alpha=17.24$ ) and reference electrical field ( $E_{\rm B}=561$ V/mm), although the sample doped with 1.0 mol% Co 2 O 3 exhibits the highest densities ( $\rho =6.87$ g/cm 3 ) and permittivities. The sample with 6.0 mol% Co 2 O 3 bears the highest barriers, but the sample with 1.0 mol% Co 2 O 3 shows the narrowest barriers. The investigation of the sintering temperature shows that the samples sintered at 1450 °C exhibit the better physical and electrical properties. The results were discussed and the defect barrier model was also introduced to explain.
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