Nonlinear dynamics and flutter of plate and cavity in response to supersonic wind tunnel start

Abstract

The transient response of a plate and a cavity is investigated in a supersonic wind tunnel start experiment where the freestream flow inside the test section reaches turbulent flow at Mach 2. Experimentally measured plate displacement time history shows flutter onset, transition to limit cycle oscillation, and stabilization at a static deformed state during the 30 s run. To analyze and interpret the measured plate response, a fully coupled aero-thermal-acousto-elastic analysis is carried out. A theoretical–computational model is formulated with a nonlinear structural plate model, acoustic pressure equation for the stationary fluid in a cavity, and the first-order Piston Theory aerodynamics. A linear stability analysis is performed that includes the nonlinear added stiffness due to an initial deformation to investigate the combined effects of freestream coupling and temperature differential on system stability. Also, direct time integration of the nonlinear fluid structural equations of motion is performed using experimentally measured flow parameters as inputs. All stability transitions are captured using the theoretical model with good agreement with experiment for transitions from no flutter to flutter/limit cycle oscillations (LCO) although the theoretical LCO amplitude is approximately $$50\%$$ larger than measured. The system’s sensitivity to cavity coupling, temperature differential, thickness calibration, static pressure differential, and turbulent pressure fluctuations are investigated. Lastly, snap-through buckling analyses in response to periodic and quasi-static excitations are conducted.