Nonlinear coupling in graphene-coated nanowires.

Yixiao Gao,Ilya V Shadrivov

doi:10.1038/srep38924

Yixiao Gao, Ilya V Shadrivov

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38924

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Abstract

We propose and analyze nonlinear coupler based on a pair of single mode graphene-coated nanowires. Nonlinear wave interactions in such structure are analyzed by the coupled mode equations derived from the unconjugated Lorentz reciprocity theorem. We show that the routing of plasmons in the proposed structure can be controlled by the input power due to the third order nonlinear response of graphene layer. Our findings show that graphene nonlinearity can be exploited in tunable nanoplasmonic circuits based on low-loss, edgeless cylindrical graphene waveguides.

Highlights

We propose and analyze nonlinear coupler based on a pair of single mode graphene-coated nanowires
We show that the routing of plasmons in the proposed structure can be controlled by the input power due to the third order nonlinear response of graphene layer
Our findings show that graphene nonlinearity can be exploited in tunable nanoplasmonic circuits based on low-loss, edgeless cylindrical graphene waveguides

Summary

Introduction

We propose and analyze nonlinear coupler based on a pair of single mode graphene-coated nanowires. The fundamental edge mode of graphene nanoribbon is highly localized near the ribbon edge[3,4], and this can cause additional scattering loss due to any defects of the edge structure[5]. To avoid this problem, graphene coated nanowires (GNW) are proposed for efficient surface plasmon waveguiding in plasmonic nanocircuits[6,7]. GNW shows superior characteristics as a passive waveguide, the cylindrical graphene structure may pose new challenges to achieve efficient gate-tunability which has been exploited in active planar graphene plasmonic devices. We demonstrate the power-dependent behaviour of the GNW coupler that allows to route the output by input intensity, and we discuss the influence of structural parameters on coupling

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