Nonlinear constant fatigue life diagrams for carbon/epoxy laminates at room temperature

Abstract

Exploration of a full shape of constant fatigue life (CFL) diagram and development of an efficient CFL diagram-based fatigue life prediction method are attempted for multidirectional CFRP laminates. On three kinds of CFRP laminates of [45/90/−45/0]2s, [0/60/−60]2s and [0/90]3s lay-ups, tension–tension, tension–compression and compression–compression fatigue tests are performed at room temperature for two different stress ratios each. Experimental results clearly show that a stress ratio has a significant influence on the fatigue behavior of those CFRP laminates, and the CFL diagrams delineated using alternating stress and mean stress become asymmetric about the alternating stress axis. The alternating stress component of fatigue load for a given constant value of fatigue life turns maximum in the case of fatigue loading at a critical stress ratio that is nearly equal to the ratio of compressive strength to the tensile one. The shape of CFL diagrams progressively changes from a straight line to a nonlinear curve as a given constant value of fatigue life increases. A new and efficient method for accurately predicting an asymmetric nonlinear CFL diagram is then developed which is based on the static strengths in tension and compression and the reference S–N relationship fitted to the fatigue data for the critical stress ratio. The theoretical CFL diagram constructed following the proposed procedure agrees well with the experimental CFL diagram, regardless of the type of CFRP laminate. It is also demonstrated that the S–N relationships predicted using the proposed CFL diagram-based fatigue life prediction method adequately coincide with the experimental results for fatigue loading with a variety of different stress ratios in the range of fatigue life up to 106 cycles.