Abstract
Experiments were performed on 4 in. (100 mm), 6 in. (150 mm), 8 in. (200 mm), and 10 in. (250 mm) pipelines with rubber gasket joints to determine their structural and stiffness characteristics when subjected to various loading and reloading conditions. Joint pull-out and bending tests were performed on unburied pipelines, as well as pipelines buried in sand. Test ranges include large joint displacements and rotations, including slippage in the rubber gasket. The initiation of pipe-rubber slippage within the joint leading to nonlinear behavior of the joint takes place at 0.15 in. (3.8 mm), 0.26 degrees, and 0.17 degrees for axial, bending and torsional types of deformations, respectively. Total joint failures could be expected at 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) axial compression, 1.2 in. (30.5 mm) axial pull–out, or at rotations exceeding 4 degrees in bending at the joint. Analytical expressions representing the test data are supplied. Suggestions are made for modifying gasket joint details which could improve the seismic performance of pipelines.
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