Abstract
The extraction of the photovoltaic (PV) model parameters remains to this day a long-standing and popular research topic. Numerous methods are available in the literature, widely differing in accuracy, complexity, applicability, and their very nature. This paper focuses on the class of non-iterative parameter extraction methods and is limited to the single-diode PV model. These approaches consist of a few straightforward calculation steps that do not involve iterations; they are generally simple and easy to implement but exhibit moderate accuracy. Seventeen such methods are reviewed, implemented, and evaluated on a dataset of more than one million measured I-V curves of six different PV technologies provided by the National Renewable Energy Laboratories (NREL). A comprehensive comparative assessment takes place to evaluate these alternatives in terms of accuracy, robustness, calculation cost, and applicability to different PV technologies. For the first time, the irregularities found in the extracted parameters (negative or complex values) and the execution failures of these methods are recorded and are used as an assessment criterion. This comprehensive and up-to-date literature review will serve as a useful tool for researchers and engineers in selecting the appropriate parameter extraction method for their application.
Highlights
The model of a photovoltaic (PV) generator usually consists of an equivalent circuit and a set of parameters that describe its electrical response and operation
The dataset used for the evaluation was kindly provided by the National Renewable Energy Laboratories (NREL) and contains 1,025,665 I-V curves and other measurements from 22 PV modules of different technology; each curve is recorded in about 180–200 samples
It is worth noting that the four methods that never exceed the 1 A (20%) Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (Accarino, Cubas3, Cannizzaro, and Batzelis) are all included in this table, which indicates that the entire I-V curve is not mandatory to achieve good worst-case accuracy
Summary
The model of a photovoltaic (PV) generator usually consists of an equivalent circuit and a set of parameters that describe its electrical response and operation. To shed some light on these topics, this paper performs a comprehensive review and comparison of the non-iterative parameter extraction methods that are based on the single-diode PV model Seventeen such methods are identified dating since 1984 [12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27], all of which are implemented and assessed on a common set of I-V curves provided by National Renewable Energy Laboratories (NREL) [42].
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