Abstract
Many modern vehicles today are equipped with an on-board e-call system that can send information about the number of passengers in the event of an accident. However, in case of fire or other major danger in a road tunnel, it is very important for rescue services to know not only the number of passengers in a given vehicle that has an accident and called help via e-call but how many people are in the tunnel in total. This paper deals with the issue of passenger detection and counting using the TPH3008-S Thermal camera and the VIVOTEK IP7361 IP Cameras noninvasively, i.e., the cameras are placed outside the vehicle. These cameras have their limitations; therefore, we investigated how to improve conditions and how to make detection better for future work. The main goal of this article is to summarize the achieved results and possibilities of improvement of the proposed system by adding other sensors and systems that would improve the final score of passenger detection. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach has to be modified and we have to add additional sensors or change methods to achieve more promising results. The results, findings and conclusions might be later used in tunnels and highways and also be applied in telematics and lead to better, safer road transport and improvement of existing tunnel systems sustainability by utilizing resources in a smarter way.
Highlights
Counting passengers in cars, trucks and buses all the time is a difficult and very important task in terms of passenger safety and monitoring the migration and traffic density
Passenger counting has multiple applications starting with high-occupancy vehicle lanes, faster and more precise intervention of rescue services, better understanding of traffic load or predictive maintenance based on abrasion [1]
E-call service is not suitable or meant to be used to actively count passengers; this is where existing tunnel systems or newly installed systems or devices come into play
Summary
Trucks and buses all the time is a difficult and very important task in terms of passenger safety and monitoring the migration and traffic density. Main issues with counting passengers are rapidly moving vehicles are drastic changes in the lightning and visibility conditions (heavy rain, fog, smog, smoke, sunny and bright day) when external cameras are used. Another approach might be counting passengers with cameras installed inside the vehicle; this introduces privacy concerns, as well as an e-call system with its microphones installed inside the vehicle. Because of these privacy issues, we chose a noninvasive path and decided to use external cameras instead.
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