Abstract
For prevention and accurate intervention planning, it is crucial to predict if lesions will progress towards cancer. In this study, we investigated the change in optical properties and vascular parameters to characterize skin tissue from mild photodamage to actinic keratosis (AK). Multi-wavelength spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) measurements were performed on three patients with clinically normal skin, as well as pre-cancerous actinic keratosis lesions. Our results indicate that there exist significant differences in both optical and vascular parameters between these patients, and that these parameters can be early biomarkers of neoplasia. Ultimately, clinicians can use this noninvasive approach for frequent monitoring of high-risk population.
Highlights
With approximately 5.4 million cases diagnosed in the U.S each year, non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSCs), which includes basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is the most prevalent form of human cancer [1]
For prevention and accurate intervention planning, it is crucial to predict if lesions will progress towards cancer
We investigated the change in optical properties and vascular parameters to characterize skin tissue from mild photodamage to actinic keratosis (AK)
Summary
With approximately 5.4 million cases diagnosed in the U.S each year, non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSCs), which includes basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is the most prevalent form of human cancer [1]. SFDI is a wide-field, non-contact mesoscopic optical imaging modality that can provide multiple parameters concurrently [12, 13] In reflectance mode, it can provide maps of optical properties (absorption and scattering) and vascular parameters (hemoglobin concentrations and tissue oxygen saturation) [8]. It can utilize high fluorescence contrast and provide absolute drug fluorescence concentration maps that can allow early detections of premalignant lesions [14, 15] In this respect, we demonstrated the feasibility of non-invasive quantification of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence concentration distributions in skin tumors [15]. We report results of our pilot study examining SFDI-derived quantitative maps of optical absorption (μa) and scattering (μs’) as well as vascular parameters such as blood oxygen saturation (StO2) and total hemoglobin concentration (THC) in normal skin vs premalignant lesions from 3 patients with varying degrees of actinic damage
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