Abstract
.We investigate a multispectral imaging method to evaluate spatiotemporal changes in both cutaneous hemoglobin concentration and light scattering parameter in mouse skin through diffuse reflectance spectroscopy using the reflectance images acquired at isosbestic wavelengths of hemoglobin (420, 450, 500, and 585 nm). In the proposed approach, Monte Carlo simulation-based empirical formulas are introduced to extract the scattering power representing the wavelength dependence of light scattering spectrum of skin tissue, as well as the total hemoglobin concentration in dermal vasculatures. The use of isosbestic wavelengths of hemoglobin enables the values of and to be estimated independently of the oxygenation of hemoglobin. Experiments using in vivo mice two-stage chemical carcinogenesis model are performed to confirm the feasibility of the proposed method for evaluating the changes in cutaneous vasculatures and tissue morphology during tumor initiation, promotion, and progression processes. The experimental results reveal that the changes in scattering power of back skin are significantly reduced and followed by the increase in total hemoglobin concentration in the carcinogenesis mice group, which indicates morphological changes in skin tissue such as edema and cell swelling caused by tumor promotion and successive angiogenesis along with tumor progression. The results suggest that the potential of the present method to detect cutaneous carcinogenesis in an early stage and monitor physiological changes during promotion and progression process of nonmelanoma tumors.
Highlights
Skin is the largest and most extended organ of the body and its weight goes up to about 15% of the total bodyweight.[1]
A method for imaging light scattering parameter and total hemoglobin concentration of in vivo skin tissue based on a set of diffuse reflectance images acquired at the four isosbestic wavelengths of hemoglobin (420, 450, 500, and 585 nm) was demonstrated in this study
In vivo experiments using mice two-stage chemical carcinogenesis model confirmed the feasibility of the proposed imaging method for evaluating the changes in cutaneous vasculatures and tissue morphology
Summary
Skin is the largest and most extended organ of the body and its weight goes up to about 15% of the total bodyweight.[1] It has many functions including protecting the body against infections and the electromagnetic radiations.[2] During its action, skin, sometimes, is affected by the heavy dose of carcinogen such as ultraviolet light from the sun, using sunlamps and sunbeds or a chemical such as 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) that causes cancer. Uncontrolled proliferation of skin structures, both cellular and acellular, which have no designated functions, is called skin cancer. BCC is the most common cancer in many countries of the world[5] accounting 75% of all NMSC.[6]
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