Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important cancer biomarkers and the sensitive detection of MMPs is of great importance to improve clinical diagnosis and therapy of cancer at its early stage. Molecular imaging, including fluorescent optical imaging, radiolabeled imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging, is a powerful tool to visualize and characterize biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. The recognition of MMPs via imaging strategies by utilizing MMP-responsive probes has been a hot pursuit in recent years. Probes designed for MMP detection commonly have two features: (1) off-then-on state in detection signal response to the appearance of MMPs, which has been applied in optical imaging and magnetic resonance imaging; (2) specific retention upon sensing MMPs, which has been applied in radiolabeled imaging. The development of theory and technology in the field of biomarker probes will be beneficial to the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of cancer.
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