Abstract
Organophosphorus (OP) and carbamate compounds have been utilized for a variety of purposes including use as therapeutic agents, agricultural chemicals, plasticizers, lubricants, flame retardants, and fuel additives. Many of the pesticides in use today belong to the OP or carbamate classes of compounds. Some OP compounds, the highly toxic nerve agents, have been developed for chemical warfare, whereas some carbamates have more recently been utilized as prophylactic drugs to prevent the devastating effects of nerve agent exposures (1,2). Although these agents exhibit a wide array of chemical structures, physicochemical properties, and toxicological potencies, the acute toxicity of most OP and carbamate pesticides is initiated by inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) in the peripheral and/or central nervous system (PNS/CNS)(3).
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