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Abstract
Hybrid photonic-plasmonic nanostructures allow one to engineer coupling of quantum emitters and cavity modes accounting for the direct coherent and environment mediated dissipative pathways. Using generalized plasmonic Dicke model, we explore the non-equilibrium phase diagram with respect to these interactions. The analysis shows that their interplay results in the extension of the superradiant and regular lasing states to the dissipative coupling regime and an emergent lasing phase without population inversion having boundary with the superradiant and normal states. Calculated photon emission spectra are demonstrated to carry distinct signatures of these phases.
Highlights
In quantum plasmonics, highly polarizable metal nanostructures supporting surface-plasmon modes provide a source of strong enhancement in the photon local density of states, an effect similar to a low-Q optical cavity [1]
In this paper we explore the possibility of engineering quantum critical properties of plasmonic cavities by examining the nonequilibrium phase diagram and associated photon emission spectra with respect to the nature and strength of the surface-plasmon–quantum emitters (QEs) interactions
By taking into account that the plasmonic cavity (Fig. 1) is an open quantum system, we introduce a density operator ρprojected on the surface-plasmon cavity mode (SPCM) and QE space whose time evolution is described by a Liouville equation
Summary
Highly polarizable metal nanostructures supporting surface-plasmon modes provide a source of strong enhancement in the photon local density of states, an effect similar to a low-Q optical cavity [1]. In this paper we explore the possibility of engineering quantum critical properties of plasmonic cavities by examining the nonequilibrium phase diagram and associated photon emission spectra with respect to the nature and strength of the surface-plasmon–QE interactions. The dissipative coupling via photon reservoir was introduced by Lehmberg as the off-diagonal radiative decay terms in the Lindblad operator to describe the superradiant emission from an ensemble of two-level atoms [16]. This approach has been widely used to study the superradiant emission in a large variety of systems [6,17,18].
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