Abstract
The energy distribution among rotational levels of NH3 molecules in a supersonic beam is measured at a position distant from the nozzle by the highly sensitive infrared laser Stark spectroscopic method. A nonequilibrium energy distribution is observed within the rotational degree of freedom. In particular, population inversion is observed on some rotational levels. Computer simulation based on a novel rate-equation model, in which the dipole-dipole interaction, detailed balance, and hard-sphere collisions are assumed, reproduces the observed results well. This model is able to characterize the internal energy distribution of a supersonic beam under various experimental conditions by means of a scaling parameter.
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