Abstract
A theoretical model describing the nonequilibrium processes occurring behind a normal shock wave in a hydrogen–helium mixture is developed by assembling the latest information on physical properties and by comparing the calculation with the two sets of shock-tube data obtained in the 1970s. The cross-section value of 4 10 17 for electronic excitation of hydrogen atoms by the impacts of hydrogen andheliumatoms derived earlier by Leibowitz is confirmed. The intensity of radiation in a nonequilibrium flow is typically twice that in an equilibrium flow. A sample calculation is made for an entry flight in the atmosphere of Neptune to show that the radiative heat load under nonequilibrium is more than twice that under equilibrium.
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