Abstract
Ni/NiO nanoflower modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite (Ni/NiO-rGO) was introduced to screen printed electrode (SPE) for the construction of a nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensor. The Ni/NiO-rGO nanocomposite was synthesized by an in situ reduction process. Graphene oxide (GO) hybrid Nafion sheets first chemical adsorbed Ni ions and assembled on the SPE. Subsequently, GO and Ni ions were reduced by hydrazine hydrate. The electrochemical properties of such a Ni/NiO-rGO modified SPE were carefully investigated. It showed a high activity for electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose in alkaline medium. The proposed nonenzymatic sensor can be utilized for quantification of glucose with a wide linear range from 29.9 μM to 6.44 mM (R = 0.9937) with a low detection limit of 1.8 μM (S/N = 3) and a high sensitivity of 1997 μA/mM∙cm−2. It also exhibited good reproducibility as well as high selectivity.
Highlights
Diabetes is a worldwide public health problem and one of the leading causes of death and disability [1]
Since Clark and Lyons first proposed the concept of glucose enzyme electrodes in 1962 [2], glucose sensors have become the most important biosensors, in research field and in the market for the past 50 years [3]
The key electrode materials of nonenzymatic sensors consist of the nanostructures of transition metals and their alloys, such as copper [9], platinum [10], palladium [11], nickel [12], etc
Summary
Diabetes is a worldwide public health problem and one of the leading causes of death and disability [1]. Nonenzymatic electrocatalysis to direct oxidation of glucose is a feasible alternative technology that is free from the mentioned drawbacks It depends on the current response of glucose oxidation directly at the electrode surface to achieve high sensitivity and the selectivity. The key electrode materials of nonenzymatic sensors consist of the nanostructures of transition metals and their alloys, such as copper [9], platinum [10], palladium [11], nickel [12], etc Compared with these metals structures, Ni and its chemical compound, such as Ni nanowire array [13], NiO hollow microsphere [14], and Ni(OH) nanoplates [15], are proven to allow production of high sensitivity glucose sensors at low cost [16,17].
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