Abstract
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a widespread technique for alloy characterization and nowadays portable instruments are becoming popular. The objective of this study was to analyze necklaces, earrings, bracelets, rings and piercings by portable and benchtop XRF equipments, in order to verify if the presented methodology allows characterization of these objects, determining whether they meet - or not - current legislations regarding the concentrations of metals. Also to compare the equipments and check the feasibility of field measurements with portable equipments in just 5 s of analysis. In total 117 pieces were analyzed, surpassing 450 measurements. Nickel and Pb were found over the established limit in several samples, even on those attested as Ni- and Pb-free. It was possible to verify contents of noble or allergenic metals, with adequate detectability, low deviation and good agreement between both equipments employed, without sample treatment steps and without residue generation.
Highlights
Contact dermatitis is a skin inflammation induced by exposure to an external sensitizing agent
The objective of this study was to analyze jewelry by portable and benchtop energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) equipments, in order to verify if the presented methodology allows characterization of these objects, determining whether they meet – or not – current legislations regarding the concentrations of metals and to compare the equipments and check the feasibility of field measurements with portable equipments
Limits of detection were calculated according to IUPAC indications, using LOD = (3.3 σ/s), where σ is the standard deviation and s is the angular coefficient of the analytical curve.[27]
Summary
Contact dermatitis is a skin inflammation induced by exposure to an external sensitizing agent. In severe cases, it is characterized by redness and itchy blistering. It is characterized by redness and itchy blistering It is the most common skin disease, causing large socioeconomic impact due to sick leave and job changes.[1]. This allergy, triggered by frequent or constant contact of the allergenic with the skin, may be caused by metals such as Al, Au, Co, Cr, Cu and Ni. The toxicity is associated with the metal ions and the process of irritation starts with the corrosion of the pure metal or its alloy.
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