Abstract
Rapid and nondestructive determination of quality attributes in fresh and dry Chrysanthemum morifolium is of great importance for quality sorting and monitoring during harvest and trade. Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging covering the spectral range of 874–1734 nm was used to detect chlorogenic acid, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid content in Chrysanthemum morifolium. Fresh and dry Chrysanthemum morifolium flowers were studied for harvest and trade. Pixelwise spectra were preprocessed by wavelet transform (WT) and area normalization, and calculated as average spectrum. Successive projections algorithm (SPA) was used to select optimal wavelengths. Partial least squares (PLS), extreme learning machine (ELM), and least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) were used to build calibration models based on full spectra and optimal wavelengths. Calibration models of fresh and dry flowers obtained good results. Calibration models for chlorogenic acid in fresh flowers obtained best performances, with coefficient of determination (R2) over 0.85 and residual predictive deviation (RPD) over 2.50. Visualization maps of chlorogenic acid, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in single fresh and dry flowers were obtained. The overall results showed that hyperspectral imaging was feasible to determine chlorogenic acid, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Much more work should be done in the future to improve the prediction performance.
Highlights
Flowers used as tea sources have lasted for centuries due to their unique taste and aroma.Chrysanthemum tea is one of the mostly consumed flower teas, with a large family of Chrysanthemum species
The results showed that extreme learning machine (ELM), least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM), and Partial least squares (PLS) models could be used to detect chemical compositions in fresh and dry Chrysanthemum morifolium, and ELM had the greatest potential
Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging coupled with multivariate analysis was used to determine chlorogenic acid, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid content in fresh and dry
Summary
Flowers used as tea sources have lasted for centuries due to their unique taste and aroma. Chrysanthemum tea is one of the mostly consumed flower teas, with a large family of Chrysanthemum species. Chrysanthemum morifolium (namely Hangbaiju in China) is one of the Chrysanthemum teas with good fame. Chrysanthemum morifolium planted in Tongxiang (Zhejiang Province, China) is one of the. China Protected Geographical Indication Products with high commercial value. Despite its unique taste and aroma, Chrysanthemum morifolium has medical benefit such as antipyretic and sedative effects, reducing blood pressure and reducing eye strain [1].
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