Nonconvulsion status epilepticus in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: types and frequencies

Abstract

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is an idiopathic, age-related generalized epileptic syndrome, featuring generalizedtonic–clonic and absence seizures as well as myoclonic jerks. Except for some case reports, little is known about type and frequency of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in adult patients with JME. In a retrospective study we therefore reviewed all patients with JME, who had been referred to our hospital between 1994 and 1999 for the occurrence of NCSE. Of the 69 patients with JME seen within these 6 years three women had typical absence status—one of them two times—and one woman had impulsive-petit-mal status. All four patients had a history of myoclonic, absence and generalized tonic–clonic seizures. Because of the extreme rarity of impulsive-petit-mal status the corresponding case history is presented in detail. According to our findings the prevalence of NCSE in JME can be estimated at 5.8%, the incidence at 1.2% per year with a clear preponderance of female gender.