Abstract
Due to the lack of Ebola outbreak early warning alert, preparedness, surveillance and response systems, the most deadly, complex and largest ever seen Ebola war has been devastating West African communities. The unparalleled Ebola tsunami has prompted interrogations into, and uncertainties about, the effectiveness and efficiency of national, regional and international community’s illed- responses using conventional humanitarian control and containment approaches and methods. The late humanitarian and local non-government organisations emergency responses and challenges to curb transmission dynamics and stop the ongoing spread in the Ebola outbreak in West Africa have led to an unprecedented toll of 14,413 reported Ebola cases in eight countries since the outbreak began, with 5,177 reported deaths including 571 health-care workers and 325 died as 14 November 2014. These indications the need of further evaluation of monitoring as substantial proportion of infections outside the context of Ebola epicentres, Ebola health centres treatment and care, infection prevention and control quality assurance checks in these countries. At the same time, exhaustive efforts should target ensuring an sufficient supply of optimal personal protective equipment (PPE) to all Ebola treatment facilities, along with the provision of training and relevant guidelines to limit to the minimum possible level of risk. The continent hosts a big proportion of the world’s wealth, yet its people live in abject poverty, with governments unable to feed and govern them effectively, and who are condemned to endure even darker moments with the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. Institutionalisation of practical and operational non-conventional emergency response models efficient health systems, and tailored programmes can clearly support to prevent, control and eventually stamp out Ebola geo-distribution in addition to population mental health services that are requisite to address the massive range of the health, socio-psychological and economic consequences during and post Ebola associated crises. There is a critical need for a more pragmatic and robust scientific approach to transform and re-orient the huge natural and human resource potentials towards achieving universal coverage, the 2015–2030 Millennium Developing Goals (MDGs), sustainable growth and development in Africa.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2049-9957-3-42) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Review of tsunami scale humanitarian crisis in West Africa The tsunami scale humanitarian crisis in West Africa Ebola outbreak is the largest, most complex and most severe ever seen
Humanitarian organisations have been besieged by the tenacious wave of new cases, which far outgrows the available basic medical, and health capacities and late emergency responses [1]
The potential Ebola pandemic and the negative impact far with conventional processes and tools deployed being largely unsuccessful underscore the urgent need for rapid rethinking and/or reengineering of innovative approaches including the use of non-conventional intervention(NCI) methods and actions which are prohibited by international health regulations under emergency humanitarian crisis, but could be effective to prevent further Ebola spread, save the lives of millions and protect the regional and world’s economy
Summary
Review of tsunami scale humanitarian crisis in West Africa The tsunami scale humanitarian crisis in West Africa Ebola outbreak is the largest, most complex and most severe ever seen. Based on the Internal Health Regulations (2005) and the Human Rights Declarations, the use of human subjects in humanitarian crisis situations requires adherence to crucial elements in regards to M&E and all aspects of vaccine/drug pharmacovigilance: (i) appropriate protocols must be rapidly developed for informed consent and safe use; (ii) effective and reliable mechanism for evaluating pre-clinical data should be put in place in order to recommend which interventions should be evaluated as a first priority; (iii) a timely platform must be established for transparent, real-time collection and sharing of data, detailed, (iv) consistent regular short- and long-term safety monitoring boards need to be established for these vulnerable populations; and (vi) continuous evaluation of medical, clinical and health data from all interventions with systematic, transparent, liable and responsible short- and long-term exposed population health record assessments, information and community updates, as well as appropriate compensation and rehabilitation programmes, if any
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