Abstract
This paper deals with the problem of nonconstant harvesting of prey in a ratio-dependent predator–prey system incorporating a constant prey refuge. Here we use the reasonable catch-rate function instead of usual catch-per-unit-effort hypothesis. The existence, as well as the stability of possible equilibria, is carried out. Bionomic equilibrium of the system is determined and optimal harvest policy is studied with the help of Pontryagin's maximum principle. The key results developed in this paper are illustrated using numerical simulations. Our results indicate that dynamic behavior of the system very much depends on the prey refuge parameter and increasing amount of refuge could increase prey density and may lead to the extinction of predator population density.
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