Abstract
With the commencement of the 5G of wireless networks, researchers around the globe have started paying their attention to the imminent challenges that may emerge in the beyond 5G (B5G) era. Various revolutionary technologies and innovative services are offered in 5G networks, which, along with many principal advantages, are anticipated to bring a boom in the number of connected wireless devices and the types of use-cases that may cause the scarcity of network resources. These challenges partly emerged with the advent of massive machine-type communications (mMTC) services, require extensive research innovations to sustain the evolution towards enhanced-mMTC (e-mMTC) with the scalable network cost in 6\textsuperscript{th} generation (6G) wireless networks. Towards delivering the anticipated massive connectivity requirements with optimal energy and spectral efficiency besides low hardware cost, this paper presents an enabling framework for 6G networks, which utilizes two emerging technologies, namely, non-coherent communications and backscatter communications (BsC). Recognizing the coherence between these technologies for their joint potential of delivering e-mMTC services in the B5G era, a comprehensive review of their state-of-the-art is conducted. The joint scope of non-coherent and BsC with other emerging 6G technologies is also identified, where the reviewed technologies include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-assisted communications, visible light communications (VLC), quantum-assisted communications, reconfigurable large intelligent surfaces (RLIS), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and machine learning-aided intelligent networks. Subsequently, the scope of these enabling technologies for different device types, service types, and optimization parameters is analyzed...
Highlights
The future generations of wireless networks are believed to become an essential part of everyone’s daily life subserved through the revolution in network services derived from the notion of “everythingas-a-service”
Starting with the comprehensive review of innovative 5th Generation (5G) technologies and services, various attention-seeking research challenges that may emerge in the beyond 5G (B5G) era have been identified in this paper
The identified notable emerging challenges include the scarcity of network capacity to support the anticipated ultra-massive connectivity that will arise from the advent of massive machinetype communications (mMTC) services, scarcity of usable frequency spectrum and the need for spectral-efficient communication techniques, and high network deployment and operational cost
Summary
The future generations of wireless networks are believed to become an essential part of everyone’s daily life subserved through the revolution in network services derived from the notion of “everythingas-a-service”. The plethora of new services emerged from the idea will require highly efficient information and communication technologies (ICT) as the core elements of the echo system. Living in future civil societies will require network connectivity as an essential element, just as air is to breathe. The provision of network connectivity to everything at all-time with ultra-high reliability, ultra-high energy efficiency, ultra-low latency and ultra-high-speed may require the development of new revolutionary technologies along with the evolution in current technologies. The rollout of 5th Generation (5G) wireless networks started with the Release-15 of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [1]. The 5G networks have taken an immense leap forward with the introduction of various new technology innovations, e.g., massive multiple-input multipleoutput (mMIMO), NOMA, full-duplex, mmWave, ultra-dense smallcells, intelligent network operations, mobile edge computing (MEC), software-defined networks (SDN), to name a few [2]. Telecommunication Union (ITU) include enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC)
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