Non-Associated Flow Rules in Description of Plastic Flow of Granular Materials

Abstract

In most engineering problems related to determination of limit capacity of soil foundation and its interaction with a structure, only static field was considered. Starting from the Coulomb yield condition, the stress field was determined in a more or less accurate way and the estimate of limit safety factor was found. However, the knowledge of the associated velocity field is indispensable in many cases when the problems are statically indeterminate and the solution depends on velocity boundary conditions. A separate class of problems is constituted by such cases as flow of granular materials in silos and chemical reactors, during transport or in earth-working machines (cutting, filling, bulldozing, etc.) In these problems, the mechanism of flow is of primary importance and the constitutive law used in the analysis may essentially affect the solution.