Abstract
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is one of the most important causes of liver disease worldwide and probably destined to become the leading cause of end-stage liver disease in the coming decades, affecting both adults and children. Faced with the severe challenges for the prevention and control of NAFLD, this article discusses the understanding and mechanism of NAFLD from Chinese and Western medicine. Moreover, the progress regarding its treatment in both Chinese and Western medicine is also summarized. Both Chinese medicine and Western medicine have their own characteristics and clinical efficacy advantages in treating diseases. The purpose of this article is to hope that Chinese and Western medicine have complementary advantages, complementing each other to improve clinical NAFLD therapy prevention and treatment methods to receive more and more attention throughout the global medical community.
Highlights
Tingting Shi,1 Li Wu,2 Wenjun Ma,1 Liping Ju,1 Minghui Bai,1 Xiaowei Chen,1 Shourong Liu,1 Xingxin Yang,3 and Junping Shi 4
Introduction e nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathological syndrome caused by genetic, environmental, and metabolic stress-related factors and clinically manifested as fat accumulation in hepatocytes. This accumulation exceeds 5% of hepatic wet weight, or changes in the fatty content took place in over 1/3 of hepatocytes per unit area even though the overconsumption of alcohol can be expressly excluded. It may develop into nonalcoholic fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fatty hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis with disease progression [1, 2]
It can prevent the occurrence or delay the process of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). It can significantly improve prothrombin time and liver function in NAFLD patients. Studies showed that it has many pharmacological properties, such as removing harmful oxygen-free radicals from the body, preventing cytotoxicity, increasing GSH levels in the body, reducing lipid peroxidation, protecting liver cell biological membrane from damage caused by harmful factors, promoting regeneration of liver cells, preventing liver fibrosis [155], regulating the body’s immune system [156, 157], stimulating protein molecule synthesis, and protecting liver cell DNA synthesis by inhibiting NF-κB [158]
Summary
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine. NAFLD treatment is a long-term comprehensive procedure, and the specific measures are as follows [5, 42]: (i) adopting a healthy lifestyle, including balanced diet and maintaining a positive attitude; (ii) reducing causes and inducements, including weight control and waistline reduction; (iii) preventing and treating metabolic disorders, such as taking antiplatelet, lipid-regulating, hypoglycemic, and antihypertensive drugs rationally in accordance with healthy blood viscosity, blood sugar, blood fat, blood pressure, and insulin resistance; (iv) using antiinflammatory and liver-protecting drugs to treat NASH and progressive hepatic fibrosis, to reduce liver disability and mortality. Modern pharmacological studies demonstrate that radix bupleuri contains a substance called saikoside that can be used to improve capillary permeability, inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators, migration, and connection of white blood cells and the proliferation of tissue homogenates, lowering the level of serum ALT and AST in patients; protect the liver; increase superoxide (SOD) activity of hepatocytes; inhibit the synthesis of free radicals; and enhance oxidation resistance. Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, Radix glycyrrhizae preparata, Zingiberisrhizoma, Aconiti Lateralis radix praeparata
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