Abstract
To analyze the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the incidence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes, the incidence of diabetic nephropathy was assessed in 413 type 2 diabetic patients, by testing the 24 h urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER). The NAFLD was diagnosed based on patient’s medical history and liver ultrasound. The difference in diabetic nephropathy incidence between patients with and without NAFLD was tested by χ2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the factors associated with diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetic patients. Total 363 out of 413 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. The incidences of NAFLD and diabetic nephropathy in participants were approximately 56% (202/363) and 38% (137/363) respectively, and there was no significant difference in the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy between patients with and without NAFLD (37.1% vs. 38.5%, p = 0.787). The duration of diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 1.065, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.014–1.120, p = 0.012), waist circumference (OR 1.077, 95% CI 1.040–1.116, p = 0.000), and fasting blood glucose (FBG; OR 1.136, 95% CI 1.023–1.1262, p = 0.017) were significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy, whereas sex, high blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and ankle brachial pressure index (ABI) were not significantly associated with the disorder. The present results suggest that NAFLD is not related to the incidence of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes, but the duration of diabetes, waist circumference, and FBG are important factors for diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.
Highlights
NAFLD is the most common liver disease in the United States and other developed countries [1,2]
NAFLD was associated with the presence of microalbuminuria independent from several potential confounders. These results suggest that NAFLD is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetic patients; the intertwined mechanisms that link NAFLD and CKD remain unclear
The present study found that the duration of diabetes, waist circumference, and FBG were significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy
Summary
NAFLD is the most common liver disease in the United States and other developed countries [1,2]. In the United States, about 30% of adults have NAFLD [3]. NAFLD was considered to be a benign liver disease. A recent growing body of evidence suggests that some patients with NAFLD may progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma [4]. NAFLD can promote the development and progression of diseases in other organs, which has attracted great interest.
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