Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus a prospective observational study in coastal region of Andhra Pradesh

Abstract

Background: Non alcoholic fatty liver is the most common chronic liver disease in many parts of world including India. It is strongly associated with obesity, overweight and insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes is common condition and it regularly coexists with NAFLD. We designed to study non alcoholic fatty liver among type 2 diabetes mellitus among people of costal Andhra Pradesh and impact of this disease on metabolic profile of patients.Methods: As per selection criteria 160 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled for this study. A detailed history of patients was taken regarding demography of patients, duration of diabetes mellitus, drug history, alcohol consumption and symptoms of hepatic disorder.Results: Out of that 86 (53.75%) patients were diagnosed to be non alcoholic fatty liver disease. There was significant difference between with NAFLD and without NAFLD groups regarding FPG (mg/dl) (144.12±10.54 vs. 122.48±11.67) (p=0.0001). AST/ALT ratio was significantly lower in patients with NAFLD then without NAFLD groups (0.81±0.19 vs. 1.16±0.31) (p=0.0001). Alkaline phosphotase (IU/l) was significantly higher in patients with NAFLD then without NAFLD groups (157.83±47.21 vs. 134.24±32.76) (p=0.0004).Conclusions: In current study the prevalence of NAFLD was 53.75% among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. There was female predominance in patients with NAFLD and T2DM but in non NAFLD with T2DM has male predominance. There was significant difference between with NAFLD and without NAFLD groups regarding BMI. Hepatic parameters like AST, ALT and Alkaline phosphotase was significantly higher and AST/ALT was significantly lower in patients with NAFLD then without NAFLD groups.