Non-traumatic epidural posterior fossa hematomas in child with Sensenbrenner syndrome: a case report and literature review

Mariana Mazzuia Guimarães,Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira,Hamilton Matushita,Felipe Hada Sanders,Gustavo Correa Lordelo,José Erasmo Dal Col Lucio,Daniel Dante Cardeal

doi:10.46900/apn.v3i2(may-august).76

Abstract

Background: Posterior fossa extradural hematomas are an uncommon condition with more than half of cases appearing in the pediatric population. Although the majority of cases are caused by substantial trauma, it may also be related to systemic diseases and bleeding disorders without the history of head trauma. Case report: We present the case of a 6-year-old female affected by Sensenbrenner syndrome with a non-traumatic subacute posterior fossa epidural hematoma. The patient was surgically treated and medically discharged without further neurological alteration. This is the first report of spontaneous cerebral hematoma associated with this syndrome in the literature. A literature review of the main aspects of both topics was performed. Conclusions: Although spontaneous posterior fossa epidural hematomas are rare, clinicians should be aware and highly suspicious of this differential diagnosis in certain situations such as coagulopathies and other specific systemic diseases, as fast recognition and assertive treatment are important for better outcomes.

Highlights

Posterior fossa extradural hematomas (PFEDH) are an infrequent condition, representing between 1.2% and 15% of all extradural hematomas that occur in the general population
The majority of cases are caused by substantial trauma, PFEDH may be related to systemic diseases and bleeding disorders, with or without minor head trauma [2]
Due to the rareness of the condition and the possibility of neurological deterioration, this article intends to review the literature on the topic and to report the case of a child affected by a syndromic condition called Sensenbrenner syndrome, who presented with a non-traumatic epidural bleeding episode

Summary

Background

Posterior fossa extradural hematomas are an uncommon condition with more than half of cases appearing in the pediatric population. Case report: We present the case of a 6-year-old female affected by Sensenbrenner syndrome with a non-traumatic subacute posterior fossa epidural hematoma. The patient was surgically treated and medically discharged without further neurological alteration. This is the first report of spontaneous cerebral hematoma associated with this syndrome in the literature. Conclusions: spontaneous posterior fossa epidural hematomas are rare, clinicians should be aware and highly suspicious of this differential diagnosis in certain situations such as coagulopathies and other specific systemic diseases, as fast recognition and assertive treatment are important for better outcomes.

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND

CONCLUSIONS

Findings

COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS