Non-Traumatic Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, an Entity with Complex Radioclinical Aspects in Adults. About 33 Cases

Abstract

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare condition that can be life-threatening. It is characterized by clinical and radiological polymorphism. We carried out a retrospective study over a period of 34 months, from January 01, 2019 to October 31, 2021 ; from the files of patients referred for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or CT scan exploration in cerebral neurological symptoms context, with as judgment criterion the demonstration of a thrombus in a venous sinus or cerebral vein. We collected thirty-three (33) patients, with an average age of 39.06 years old and as extreme ages 18 years old and 76 years old. We noted a female predominance with a sex ratio of 1.2 in favor of female sex. The most of patients were axplored with MRI, in 60% of cases. Our patient history was dominated by epilepsy in 13% of cases, followed by deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities, toxic habits, cerebral venous thrombosis and combined contraception represented in 8% of cases each. The symptomatology presented by the patients was intracranial hypertension in 23% followed by headache in 20% of cases. The etiologies implicated were infectious in 28% of cases. The most affected sinus was the superior sagittal sinus in 41% of cases. Cerebral parenchymal complications were mainly consisted of ischemia with hemorrhagic infarction in 24% of cases.