Non-Syndromic Non-Familial Agenesis of Major Salivary Glands: A Report of Two Cases with Review of Literature

Abstract

Agenesis of the major salivary glands is a rare and unusual condition, with only a few cases documented in the literature. The anomaly can be total or partial, unilateral or bilateral, and involve the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. The resultant xerostomia leads to extensive dental demineralization. The authors report two cases with decreased saliva volume, impaired dental condition with extensive loss of tooth structure, and an astonishing pattern of dental destruction most notable on the facial and lingual surfaces of incisors and canines that can be best described as “chipping.” After detailed review of patient history, clinical examination, ultrasonography, contrast enhanced computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging a diagnosis of congenital absence of major salivary glands in both the patients was made. Dentists should be aware that salivary gland aplasia is an uncommon cause of dental deterioration. It may manifest itself not by extensive caries but as dental chipping effect. Early recognition and a therapeutic strategy can prevent further dental damage.