Abstract
In endodontic practice one of the most common iatrogenic errors is furcation perforation. The purpose of treating furcal perforation is to seal the articial communication between the endodontic space and the periradicular tissue to prevent alveolar bone resorption and damage to the periodontal ligament. Endodontic repair material should seal the pathways of communication between the root canal system and its surrounding tissues. In addition, it should be nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, nongenotoxic, biocompatible, insoluble in tissue uids, and dimensionally stable. Because existing materials did not have these ''ideal'' characteristics, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was developed and recommended for pulp capping, pulpotomy, apical barrier formation in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apex, repair of root perforations, rootend lling, and root canal lling.
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