Abstract

A three-dimensional semiclassical model is used to study double ionization of Ar when driven by a near-infrared and near-single-cycle laser pulse for intensities ranging from 0.85 × 1014 W/cm2 to 5 × 1014 W/cm2. Asymmetry parameters, distributions of the sum of the two electron momentum components along the direction of the polarization of the laser field and correlated electron momenta are computed as a function of the intensity and of the carrier envelope phase. A very good agreement is found with recently obtained results in kinematically complete experiments employing near-single-cycle laser pulses. Moreover, the contribution of the direct and delayed pathways of double ionization is investigated for the above observables. Finally, an experimentally obtained anti-correlation momentum pattern at higher intensities is reproduced with the three-dimensional semiclassical model and shown to be due to a transition from strong to soft recollisions with increasing intensity.

Highlights

  • A three-dimensional semiclassical model is used to study double ionization of Ar when driven by a near-infrared and near-single-cycle laser pulse for intensities ranging from 0.85 × 1014 W/cm[2] to 5 × 1014 W/cm[2]

  • The amplitude and the phase of the asymmetry parameter that determines the difference of the ions escaping with positive versus negative momentum along the polarization direction of the laser field are computed as a function of the carrier envelope phase (CEP) and the intensity

  • Using a 3D semiclassical model we investigate the dependence of double ionization observables on the intensity and on the carrier envelope phase of a near-single-cycle near-infrared laser field employed to drive Ar

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Summary

Introduction

A three-dimensional semiclassical model is used to study double ionization of Ar when driven by a near-infrared and near-single-cycle laser pulse for intensities ranging from 0.85 × 1014 W/cm[2] to 5 × 1014 W/cm[2]. A quantum mechanical calculation, which neglects the Coulomb potential, was used to refine the contribution of the delayed pathway of double ionization to the cross-shaped correlated electron momenta pattern[12]. Previous successes of this 3D model include identifying the mechanism responsible for the fingerlike structure in the correlated electron momenta[15], which was predicted theoretically[16] and was observed experimentally for He driven by 800 nm laser fields[17, 18] This model was used to investigate direct versus delayed pathways of NSDI for He driven by a 400 nm laser field while achieving excellent agreement with fully ab-initio quantum mechanical calculations[19]. Obtained experimental results over the whole intensity range[6,7,8] are in better agreement with the computed results obtained using the 3D semiclassical model rather than with the computed results obtained with the 1D model in ref

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