Abstract
Ionisation currents in atmospheric air at various gas pressures have been measured between the saturation current regime and the region approaching sparking voltage. The gas was uniformly irradiated with gamma rays emitted by a 137Cs radioisotope of 15 mCi activity. Some of the resulting i-V curves thus represent the characteristics of the transition from the Townsend to the self-sustaining dark discharge. Stagnant dry air at pressure 500-1000 hPa (376-760 Torr) fills the volume of a cylindrical chamber of 15 cm active length and 6.05 or 1.70 mm inner radius. The anode is a thin central wire of radius 0.05, 0.027 or 0.016 mm. A model is developed in which the theory of ionisation avalanches in proportional counters is extended by including negative ions O2-.
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