Abstract
A new approach to employ MIMO array behavior in system design calculations by distinguishing the transmitting and receiving modes' characteristics is presented. It shows that the conventional array formulation complies merely with the transmitting mode behavior of MIMO arrays, while the newly proposed formulation eases the estimation of the receiving mode behavior by introducing the Angle Wise Array Factor (AWAF). A novel theory of “Non-reciprocity view of transmitting and receiving modes in MIMO arrays” is being discussed along with “Pattern non-uniqueness in transmitting mode” and “Pattern uniqueness in receiving mode” theories. The grating lobe definition is also re-introduced, proposing that this definition is supposed to be reserved merely for transmitting mode.
Highlights
Next-Generation Networks (NGNs), which are part of Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems, are currently experiencing a breathtaking development pace in terms of enhancing throughput speed and decreasing the latency to be capable of supporting day-to-day demand growth of their target industry
Until the early 1970s [1], all array systems were limited to a single pattern or single reconfigurable pattern, which were compatible with the array formulations introduced before even for end-to-end system design calculations
Kishk: Non-Reciprocity View of the MIMO Antenna Arrays in Transmitting and Receiving Modes signal processing features to be a precisely versatile tool for receiving mode calculations, which is the main objective of this manuscript
Summary
Next-Generation Networks (NGNs), which are part of Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems, are currently experiencing a breathtaking development pace in terms of enhancing throughput speed and decreasing the latency to be capable of supporting day-to-day demand growth of their target industry. Signal processing features (which is called Angle Wise Array Factor or AWAF) to be a precisely versatile tool for receiving mode calculations, which is the main objective of this manuscript. In this manuscript, apart from differentiating the TX/RX behaviors by proposing the AWAF, some other fundamentals of such incompatibility issues have been discussed, such as grating lobe definition. This paper is organized as follows: Section II is dedicated to the fundamentals of array antenna systems and the relation between transmit/receive behavior of the single beam arrays, even for physically reconfigurable ones.
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