Non-pharmacological Therapy for Chronic Heart Failure: Electrical Device-based Control

Abstract

Patients with heart failure face a very high risk of hospitalizations and mortality as well as arrhythmias. Despite progress in medical therapy, the overall prognosis remains poor, with high rates of death progressive heart failure and sudden death. Recently, electrical device therapy for heart failure, including cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and implantable cardiover-defibrillator (ICD), has been demonstrated to result in relief of symptoms and substantial mortality reduction.