Abstract
Abstract Do hadron-nucleus scattering amplitudes and properties of exotic atoms depend on the off-shell values of the elementary hadron-nucleon scattering amplitude? This problem is investigated within a multiple scattering formalism based on the frozen-nucleus approximation. If repulsive nucleon-nucleon correlations prevent the overlap of the various hadron-nucleon interaction regions, only on-shell values are needed. For this case, an expansion of the optical potential is proposed which preserves the on-shell property at each level of approximation. In lowest order, the Ericson-Ericson renormalization is recovered for the impulse approximation to the optical potential. Properties of the local and non-local forms of the π -nucleus optical potential are proven. Multiple scattering in the presence of the Coulomb potential is formulated and a kind of minimal-coupling prescription is derived.
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