Non-Monogamy of Spatio-Temporal Correlations and the Black Hole Information Loss Paradox.

Chiara Marletto,Marco Genovese,Salvatore Virzì,Marco Gramegna,Vlatko Vedral,Fabrizio Piacentini,Ivo Pietro Degiovanni,Alessio Avella,Enrico Rebufello

doi:10.3390/e22020228

Abstract

Pseudo-density matrices are a generalisation of quantum states and do not obey monogamy of quantum correlations. Could this be the solution to the paradox of information loss during the evaporation of a black hole? In this paper we discuss this possibility, providing a theoretical proposal to extend quantum theory with these pseudo-states to describe the statistics arising in black-hole evaporation. We also provide an experimental demonstration of this theoretical proposal, using a simulation in optical regime, that tomographically reproduces the correlations of the pseudo-density matrix describing this physical phenomenon.

Highlights

The possibility of black hole evaporation represents a problem from the quantum mechanical perspective [1,2,3,4], as well as other cosmological aspects [5,6,7,8]
In this paper we proposed an alternative resolution of the entanglement paradox in black hole evaporation based on the pseudo-density matrix formalism
We conjectured that the phenomenology of black hole evaporation, as described by Hawking’s radiation, could be described by a pseudo-density operator instead of a standard density operator

Summary

Introduction

The possibility of black hole evaporation represents a problem from the quantum mechanical perspective [1,2,3,4], as well as other cosmological aspects [5,6,7,8]. If the process is unitary as prescribed by quantum theory, entanglement must be created between the exterior and the interior of the black hole as particle pairs are generated through the process of Hawking radiation [9,10,11,12]. As the black hole continues to evaporate, Hawking radiation would imply that even more entanglement is generated between the interior and the exterior of the black hole. This cannot be, since qubits already maximally entangled cannot be entangled to anything else. The claim is that if we are trying to preserve the unitarity of black hole evaporation, the black hole evaporation itself ought to violate the monogamy of entanglement [14]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion