Non-invasive PSF recovery based on direct illumination from wavelength-dependent speckles

Abstract

Scattering effect exists widely in practical bioimaging systems, which renders a higher demand for image reconstruction from blurred images. Generally, the point spread function (PSF) of an imaging system works as a powerful key to effectively reconstruct the hidden object even from strongly scattering-induced speckle patterns. However, the direct acquisition of the PSF commonly involves an invasive way like delighting a point in the region of interest, which is typically unavailable in practical applications. Here, we propose a non-invasive PSF recovery method under wavelength-dependent speckle illumination. The PSF is recovered from the uncorrelated intensity patterns through non-negative matrix factorization, while effective image reconstruction is realized by combining it with the multiplexed speckle pattern. It is surprising that a direct illumination, i.e., the lighting and detection utilize the same wavelength and even possess high spatial coherence, still fulfills the effective information extraction using the intensity-only based incoherent algorithm. This work provides a non-invasive way of PSF recovery and facilitates the PSF associated techniques such as image deblurring and super-resolution imaging.